Hellenization and Its Affects on the birth and spread of Christianity

Hellenization and Its Affects on the birth and spread of Christianity What is Hellenization? Hellenization is a term that is generally utilized in depicting the spread of the way of life of the old Greeks just as, less significantly, the Greek language specifically. This issue incorporates the sign of the rate at which the way of life spread was the most noteworthy among all the remote countries vanquished by Greece or inside its circle of influence.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Hellenization and Its Affects on the birth and spread of Christianity explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is significant that Alexander the Great is the authentic figure who can be generally connected to the spread of Hellenization. His commitment to the turn of events and advancement of the Greek culture and language is done through his triumphs of the new grounds and different societies, along these lines empowering the spread of Hellenization inside an incredible time, which was the fourth century BC (Eraman 34). The entire idea of this is the thing that has been alluded to as Hellenism, an investigation of antiquated Greece, in present day days. In what ways do you figure it may have influenced the birth and spread of Christianity? As it is apparent from the majority of the insightful articles considering and inspecting Greek way of thinking, Hellenism was a social power that fundamentally influenced numerous terrains and nations inside the Mediterranean district. Besides, basing on the way that Christianity emerged, created and got a wide spread in the nations along the Mediterranean zone, there are a ton of motivations to accept that Hellenism contributed a lot to its development and resulting spread. In his book, Brief Introduction to the New Testament, Bart Ehrman (45) contends that most of the early Christians demanded acquiring a few thoughts from the Greek social world just as chapel terms are gotten from the Greek language. The components that made the early Christians address to the Greek culture an d language might be clarified in the accompanying manner. So as to enable the principal ministers to convey and spread the gospel to the individuals who encompass them, they chose to utilize the language that would be comprehended by a wide lion's share of individuals who might be seen as a future gathering of another creating religion. In addition, to pull in more church individuals, the early Christians used to execute a few perspectives and thoughts of Greek culture to their proliferation. Along these lines, they caused the outsider religion to turn out to be nearer and increasingly reasonable to the individuals with the Greek impacted vision of life. Accordingly, Hellenistic belief systems bit by bit penetrated into the Christian setting. In actuality, Bart Erman contends that the exceptional and notable Greek rationalists, for example, Plato, Aristotle, just as some others, extraordinarily impacted on just as surprisingly added to the improvement of the belief systems that are spoken to in the New Testament (78). Ehrman, Bart. A Brief Introduction to the New Testament. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2009. Print.Advertising Looking for report on religion religious philosophy? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Resource Management Essay Example for Free

Asset Management Essay Mattel is one the most grounded makers of toys on the planet. It is the market head in creating toys of most elevated global guidelines. Be that as it may, remaining at the top isn't simple for Mattel, as it is situated in one of the most serious natured advertises as far as rivalry. Mattel has more than twenty-5,000 workers around the world (Mattel, 2010). Actually, what makes Mattel No. 1 in the toy business is its all around prepared and high talented workforce. This paper will talk about the methodologies actualized to upgrade the profitability and aptitudes of Mattel workforce. Question 1 The most significant test for Mattel is to perceive and accommodate the need of facilitated advancement. Improvement is a basic piece of any association. Mattel’s advancement programs were presented by the CEO of the organization. The initial step was to create wide based technique. These improvement programs brought about talented and beneficial workforce. Also Mattel wished to incorporate corporate culture, for which advancement facilitators met gatherings of 10 or 12 workers comprehensively and directed them how to actualize the new culture. Mattel likewise presented computerized preparing focuses, by which representatives approach in excess of 200 e-improvement courses. These measures have encouraged Mattel to change over its workforce as the most significant resources of the organization. Because of every one of these activities, Mattel’s choice and enrollment systems would probably improve and turn out to be increasingly extraordinary. The progression plan means to hold HR ability, however thus Mattel’s choice basis would be all the more testing. Aside from this, Mattel would wish to look for workers who are friendly and have great relational abilities, as facilitated advancement endeavors require representatives from various offices to cooperate more. Further, Mattel may likewise pass judgment on the GK (General Knowledge), IQ (Intelligence Quotient) and EQ (Emotional Quotient) levels of newcomers as a piece of improved choice system. (Mathis Jackson, 2008) Question 2 There is no likelihood of the case where the formative endeavors of Mattel would speak to certain workers more than others. The method of reasoning behind this is the planned advancement endeavors were meant to work for all representatives of the Mattel business. Most representatives of Mattel are identified with assembling process, regardless of whether they work in various offices. Since dominant part representatives progress in the direction of comparative objective (fabricate best toy), their psychological and formative procedures would nearly be the equivalent. Moreover, the formative endeavors and projects intend to make gifted and beneficial workforce doesn't include specialized preparing in assembling a toy, henceforth these procedures are grown, for example, to advance all Mattel representatives similarly. Ultimately, Mattel has as of late executed a coordinated corporate culture. This culture goes about as a specialty for the Mattel representatives where they associate with different groups and look to seek after composed improvement endeavors. Along these lines Mattel representatives can be characterized as ‘bees aggregately attempting to create honey’. In such examples, these improvement endeavors request all representatives the equivalent. (Bratton Gold, 2001) Question3 There can be a few explanations behind the ‘Barbie’ young ladies gathering and ‘Hot Wheels’ young men bunch not collaborating with each other and working successfully together previously. Right off the bat, Mattel requires its workers to feel the energy and become a piece of what they make. Consequently, the Barbie young ladies bunch had all the guidelines and assembling forms that concurred with Barbie’s female nature. While the Hot Wheels young men bunch reflected forceful, brave and strong nature ideas in their assembling procedures and directions. Besides, ‘Barbie’ and ‘Hot Wheels’ were brands of Mattel, and had distinctive market division and target markets. Thus the techniques intended to sell each brand was extraordinary and couldn’t have been blended. Barbie was focused at high school young ladies while Hot Wheels was focused at adolescent young men. Besides, the way of life inside which the representatives of Hot Wheels and Barbie worked were totally extraordinary. There was nothing regular in the social condition where both the brands were made. (Montgomery, 1993) There are, be that as it may, a few techniques by which Mattel could strengthen the requirements for these gatherings to cooperate. Right off the bat, the character of the two gatherings ought to be fortified as a piece of Mattel family as opposed to isolate substances. Henceforth, the representatives of the two brands would understand that they are a piece of a Mattel family, and could communicate with each other and offer their insider facts and procedures about abilities, work strengthening and worker commitment. Besides, Mattel should all the more seriously execute a typical corporate culture inside the organization which will make a shared opinion for Barbie and Hot Wheels producers to cooperate. Thirdly, the requirement for composed advancement endeavors ought to be underscored upon by elevating cooperation and communication to accomplish objectives (Mathis Jackson, 2008). Moreover, directors can likewise utilize progression plans for key positions. Along these lines they can utilize terms as ‘Boys need Girls, and bad habit versa’ to stress the truth that both Hot Wheels (young men) and Barbie (young ladies) are similarly significant piece of the organization. End Mattel has built up a few methodologies and strategies to engage its representatives. The advancement programs expects to improve gifted work, and progression plans mean to hold human asset ability. On the off chance that appropriately executed, these systems, alongside the new corporate culture could upgrade the exhibition and effectiveness everything being equal. These techniques would clearly help Mattel to hold the No. 1 spot as market pioneer in toy fabricating industry. References Bratton, J. what's more, Gold, J. (2001). Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice. second EditionNew York: Routledge Mathis, R. L. what's more, Jackson, J. H. (2008). Human Resource Management. twelfth Edition. New York: Cengage Learning Mattel (2010). Mattel Website. Gotten to on August 23, 2010 from http://www. mattel. com/Montgomery, B. P. (1993). Mattel, Inc. Global Directory of Company Histories Vol. 7, pp. 304.

Race, Class, and Gender Rothenbergs book

Race, Class, and Gender Rothenbergs book Presentation Race, class, and sex are issues that numerous individuals find amazingly difficult to acknowledge and perceive as attributes of decent variety that characterize individuals in the United States as well as on worldwide stages. From this problem, this paper centers around directing a scrutinize of different articles showing up in Rothenberg’s book Race, Class, and Gender in the United States.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Race, Class, and Gender: Rothenberg’s book explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Racial Formations by Michael Omi and Howard Winant Michael Omi and Howard Winant talk about issues of class, sex, and race. They consider these to be as social developments instead of logical angles, which characterize people’s contrasts (Rothenberg, 2009, p.11). The creators see race as an idea that is profoundly situated throughout the entire existence surprisingly over the globe since days of yore. Albeit individuals are viewed as equivalent regardless of their race, sexual orientation, or class with the cutting edge ways to deal with race, sex, and class contemplates, Michael Omi and Howard Winant wonder why it is feasible for one to see individuals who are distinctive as far as skin shading, sex, and social monetary status. Social monetary status is a central point that is utilized to isolate individuals into various classes. In spite of the fact that this discussion isn't steady with the battles by numerous countries including the United States to guarantee that all individuals regardless of their assorted attributes are viewed as equivalent people whose major human rights must be regarded, the contention by Michael Omi and Howard Winant holds substance. I concur with it. Regardless of the degree to which individuals may choose to preclude the real factors from securing racial and sex characters, they distinguish others as ladies or men, or from their place of starting point. For example, a few Americans are classified as Asian-Americans, whites, or African-Americans. Despite the way that every one of these people are viewed as a component of the rich American assorted variety, the utilization of these terms to recognize Americans has the part of race instilled inside them. Presently, predictable with Michael Omi and Howard Winant’s contentions, it is maybe difficult to consider other to be as ‘just people’ instead of considering them to be ladies and men.Advertising Looking for basic composition on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This contention fights with Michael Omi and Howard Winant’s Assertion that â€Å"we use race to give pieces of information about who an individual is† (Rothenberg, 2009, p.12). This capacity is regularly explored starting with one age then onto the next dependent on view of how a specific gathering of individuals shows up as f ar as their countenances. It is normal during discussions to experience individuals advancing remarks, for example, ‘you truly don’t resemble a white’, which demonstrate that a few people have some racial generalizing, either constructive or adverse, on the way wherein certain races of individuals act or act. I concur with Michael Omi and Howard Winant that view of class dependent on social monetary status is a significant issue that torments numerous countries over the globe including the United States. For example, the creators contend that translation of racial characters is strongly affected by view of class (Rothenberg, 2009, p.15). This contention regularly prompts development of negative generalizations. For example, blacks have had an encounter of being adversely generalized as dominatingly having a place with a low social financial status. This issue maybe uncovers why there have been rehashed cases for blacks being related with wrongdoing. The inquiry t hat ascents from this issue is, should negative generalizing of blacks clarify why there is a higher predominance of the blacks is penitentiaries? Does it at that point essentially imply that blacks having a place in low social financial class, as they are profiled in certain media, infer that they take part in wrongdoing to gain a living? My position is that these cases are just propensities for thought, which while surrendered open consideration end being legitimized. Thusly, they go about as unimaginable components of recognizing wrongly and profiling others wrongly. This position concurs with Michael Omi and Howard Winant’s position that inability to welcome that individuals are equivalent and comparative in the midst of their skin shading or social monetary status closes pushing for negative sexual orientation, race, and class viewpoints past skin shading conceptualizations (Rothenberg, 2009, p.14). How Jews Became White by Karen Brodki Written by Karen Brodki, the artic le ‘How Jews Became White’ describes how European foreigners as from 1880s became absorbed into America, what the writer terms as getting white. This conversation is critical as far as progression of the discussion of race, class, and sexual orientation points of view as significant encounters that the U.S. has been attempting to handle.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Race, Class, and Gender: Rothenberg’s book explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The article investigates profoundly into one of the prevailing issues in America, which denoted the start of energy about decent variety for Americans as far as acknowledgment of the commitment of each individual regardless of their place of birthplace, race, or class in financial improvement of the American country. Be that as it may, the creator clarifies that the meaningful development of America as a country has not appeared in a simple manner, however has involved numer ous battles to manage personalities of individuals who make up the country. In the investigations of sex, class, and racial contrasts of people, the improvements made by the article on the procedure that was trailed by the Jewfish displaced people before they were acclimatized into America is fantastically critical. Jews were migrants from Europe. Here, they were treated as a second rate class of individuals. Such view of mediocrity radiated from the way that Jews gave the truly necessary work to the Native American. This case made the ‘white’ considerably progressively well off particularly during the time of mechanical blast in the United States (Rothenberg, 2009, p. 61). The utilization of the word ‘white’ is strikingly critical in the view of race and class. Surely, Jews are white as far as skin shading. Notwithstanding, when it is contended that the white claimed the variables of creation while Jews gave the essential work to keep the businesses procee ding onward, it infers that people in the low social monetary status were not considered as genuine whites, in spite of the fact that their skin shading could be white. Training is one of the fundamental factors that decide the social monetary status of a person. Taught people have better odds of obtaining better employments. Consequently, their social financial aspects status is likewise liable to be higher. This contention corresponds with the Karen Brodki attestation, â€Å"prior to the common war, a higher education was still especially a sign of the upper class† (Rothenberg, 2009, p.61). This thought implies that schools must be gotten to by those people having a place with higher social monetary status, regardless of whether Native American or immigrants.Advertising Searching for basic composition on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The circumstance even turned out to be more terrible for settlers, for example, the Jews when universities in 1930s had insignificant rooms to oblige outsiders independent of their social financial status. This contention is huge by taking note of that 1930s denoted a noteworthy time when bigotry was at its pinnacle. In this specific circumstance, I concur with Karen Brodki that impression of race and class are basic components, which help to clarify the battles that America has experienced in the push to arrive at its present condition of embracement of different socio-segment decent varieties of her occupants and combination of various societies of an assorted number of individuals (Rothenberg, 2009, p.66). Today, the racially and socially different individuals have a typical culture alluded to as the American culture. This culture doesn't isolate individuals along innate, racial, sexual orientation, or even financial class. All individuals reserve the options to get to equity and essential human needs including training and work openings. The Social Construction of Gender by Judith Lorber Authored by Judith Lorber, in the article Night to His Day: the Social Construction of Gender contends that individuals make sex through their social communications. This contention implies that sexual orientation is acted and performed. Judith Lorber underpins this attestation by guaranteeing that acting of sex includes solution of different jobs for various sexual orientation. For example, the creator says that it sounds cumbersome to certain individuals who despite everything accept that the jobs of ladies and men are diverse in the general public to consider men walking kids in the city of New York (Rothenberg, 2009, p.54). The way wherein individuals depict the dressing code and different qualities of individuals additionally goes about as a methods for acting sex. For example, considering portrayal of a youngster as wearing certain garments, which are thought of shoul d be worn by a young lady kid is a component of acting sex. This contention implies that individuals have specific things that they anticipate that one sex should do and not the other. To be sure, it is until the most recent two decades that individuals over the globe have valued that men could likewise put on hoops. This implies the historical backdrop of individuals has constantly directed things that should done by one sex rather than the other. In this degree, sex is performed and acted by individuals. In spite of the fact that sexual orientation might be seen from the perspe

Miles Coverdale, the Limits of Queer Subjectivity, and Political Ambivalence in Hawthornes Blithedale Romance - Literature Essay Samples

Benjamin Scott Grossberg, in â€Å"Coverdale’s Queer Utopia,† responds to what he posits as â€Å"attempts to contain [Miles] Coverdale’s erotic desire,† attempts that consequently â€Å"lead to strange contortions of the text† (24). Other critics, according to Grossberg, portray Coverdale as a â€Å"power-hungry monster† or theorize his sexuality in a way that distorts his character’s true identity. Grossberg, however, asserts that â€Å"Coverdale’s actions and affections are best understood through his own lens, one that staunchly refuses to limit desire or gender to stable, discrete categories† (25). For the duration of this essay, I will refer to this phenomenon, in which categories and definitions of human sexuality are undermined or viewed as restrictive and limiting, as â€Å"queer subjectivity.† And while Grossberg’s response is undoubtedly an attempt to disentangle Coverdale’s rhetorical ideo logy from a century of misguided conservative interpretation, this reader further posits that Grossbergs’s theories complicate Hawthorne’s narrative in unexpected ways, particularly in regards to the ethical nature of the Blithedale project itself. This tension between conservative and progressive values are indicative of Hawthorne’s work, particularly in The Scarlet Letter, in which Hester Prynne’s adultery is humanized but never completely devillified. This paradox, I argue, is not so much a blight upon Hawthorne’s legacy as a testament to the psychological complexity of his work. In keeping with the postmodern idea that there is no universal set of values that govern our lives and choices, my interpretation acknowledges that both progressive and conservative questions of identity, ethics, gender, and sexuality are equally viable so long as the potential veracity of conflicting realities is equally acknowledged and respected. Grossberg commences his article on Romance with the following question: â€Å"To what can we attribute the failure of the Blithedale experiment?† (3). He asserts that the general consensus among critics is that â€Å"Blithedale fails because of an incompatibility of vision† (4). Whereas Hollingsworth’s philanthropic enterprise and Zenobia’s feminist vision have been well discussed and analyzed, Grossberg contends that Coverdale’s utopian vision has received comparatively little attention from both readers and critics. There is a reason for this: According to Grossberg, Coverdale’s vision seems transparent because â€Å"all events of the narrative are inflected through it†; it is, he says, â€Å"the one we get most intensely because we can only judge the other two paradigms through [it]† (5). Which begs the question: What exactly is Coverdale’s utopian vision? According to Grossberg â€Å"Coverdale both explicitly and imp licitly characterizes Blithedale as a utopia of sexual desire† where both sexuality and gender definition are fluid and open (6). Thus, Coverdale’s hopes for the Blithedale community are formed by his unconscious (?) longing for a queer subjectivity. To Coverdale, Blithedale becomes a potential haven for sexual emancipation, one in which even categories of heterosexuality and homosexuality, themselves just beginning to form at the time of the novel’s composition, are destabilized and erased. Before he gets into the meat of his argument, Grossberg provides context regarding nineteenth-century attitudes towards sexuality. He states that â€Å"the latter nineteenth century saw a culmination of centuries of increasing talk about sex—and this increased talk, and the ever more rigid and specific definitions it entailed, eventually opened up spaces of power through which behavior might be manipulated† (6-7). He also points out that â€Å"definitions of homosexuality (and therefore also heterosexuality) were just becoming fixed in the period during which Hawthorne wrote† (7); as a result, suggests Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, the nineteenth century became â€Å"suffus[ed with] the stain of homo/heterosexual crisis† (qtd. in Grossberg 7). Until this time, the idea that a person’s sexual proclivities constituted a legitimate identity was both utterly foreign and deeply troubling. Consequently, Grossberg suggests that â€Å"Coverdale’s vision ma y be read as an attempt to cope with a society whose sexual definitions are crystallizing† (7). â€Å"Rather than succumb to the new identities ‘homosexual’ and ‘heterosexual,’† states Grossberg, â€Å"Coverdale attempts to make Blithedale a community apart from them†Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬Å"a place where the discrete categories of man, woman, heterosexual and homosexual are set up to be undermined† (7). Coverdale, contends Grossberg, â€Å"begins disrupting stable categories as one must—by constructing them† (7). Coverdale accomplishes this disruption through Hollingsworth and Zenobia, who he sets up as â€Å"the prototypically masculine man and prototypically feminine woman† respectively, only to later undermine these characterizations (7). For example, Hawthorne has Coverdale note that Zenobia’s hands are â€Å"larger than most women would like to have, or that they could afford to have†; he also remarks: â€Å"It is one peculiarity, distinguishing Zenobia from most of her sex, that she needed for her moral well-being [] a large amount of physical exercise† (8). Likewise, Hawthorne feminizes Hollingsworth by casting him as Coverdale’s nurse when the latter becomes sick after arriving at Blithedale (9). At this moment, Coverdale muses that â€Å"[t]here was something of the woman moulded into the great, stalwart frame of Hollingswor th, nor was he ashamed of it† (qtd. in Grossberg 9). According to Grossberg, â€Å"Coverdale’s [] descriptions of Zenobia and Hollingsworth make masculinity equally defining for the ideal woman, and femininity inseparable from the ideal man, thereby dissociating gender from gender-identity† (8). Moreover, Grossberg adds that Coverdale â€Å"presents two almost genderless characters, himself and Priscilla, and shows that they evolve into traditionally gender identified types† (9). â€Å"In this way,† argues Grossberg, â€Å"masculinity and femininity are further characterized as acquired and acquirable, learned roles, rather than essentially tied to gender† (9). Next, Grossberg asserts that â€Å"Coverdale presents his relationships with all three characters, Zenobia, Hollingsworth, and Priscilla, in terms of sexual desire []† and â€Å"makes it clear that his desire for each is in no way discrete from his desire for any other; in this way, terms such as monogamy, homosexuality, and heterosexuality have no place in qualifying his erotic impulses† (11). Put simply, Coverdale’s â€Å"erotic desire† is for Hollingsworth, Zenobia, and Priscilla collectively; â€Å"He does not want just want each individually† states Grossberg, â€Å"he wants them all together† (14). Grossberg claims that Coverdale symbolically represents his polyamorous desire for Hollingsworth, Zenobia, and Priscilla in the image of his â€Å"hermitage,† which â€Å"function[s] as a template for his utopian vision of queer desire† (12). But â€Å"just like [the] vines knotting between trees,† says Grossberg, â€Å" Coverdale’s vision of the Blithedale connection is messy, defined by a lack of order† (13). Furthermore, Coverdale, when in his hermitage, â€Å"is largely reduced to auditor: that is, to isolation, not independence† (14). According to Grossberg, Coverdale not only complicates his own heterosexual desire for both women by displaying a similar desire for Hollingsworth, but he also interjects himself into others’ heterosexual encounters (both real and imagined) as not simply an observer but as a partaker. Grossberg offers the example of Coverdale’s dream, where Coverdale finds himself straddled by Zenobia and Hollingsworth exchanging a â€Å"kiss of passion† (qtd. in Grossberg 15). Caught in the midst of such an intimate act while observing Priscilla dejectedly slink from the window, Coverdale’s â€Å"primary pleasure,† suggests Grossberg, â€Å"may lie with watching and identifying with all participants [] not just seeing, but also naming (and therefore experiencing) every sensation† (15). To Grossberg, Coverdale’s sexuality and sense of pleasure â€Å"stubbornly resist attempts at categorization† because he aligns with neither heterosexuality nor homosexuality, thereby reinforcing Grossberg’s interpretation of Coverdale’s â€Å"desire [as] specifically queer† (15). For Grossberg, Coverdale’s resistance to â€Å"restricting intimacies† counters â€Å"Hollingsworth[’s demand for] exclusivity,† further queering Coverdale’s desires (16). These incompatible visions are played out in â€Å"A Crisis,† where â€Å"Hollingsworth’s homosexual desire [] is incompatible with Coverdale’s queer vision because it requires [Coverdale] to be exclusively with Hollingsworth† despite Coverdale’s passion for â€Å"all the participants† of Blithedale (17). Coverdale thus attempts to destabilize each character’s desire in an attempt to undermine â€Å"exclusive coupling† in his pursuit of openness (17). However, Grossberg maintains that Coverdale is able to sway neither Priscilla nor Zenobia to recognize and partake in his utopian vision. Both Priscilla and Zenobia’s love for Hollingsworth trumps their respective ideologies. This is especially true of Zenobia, who one mo ment ardently advocates a feminist vision and the next is brought to tears by Hollingsworth’s misogynistic rebuttal (18). Coverdale continues to complicate his own vision of Blithedale â€Å"both from within and without† (18). Coverdale’s apparent reluctance to â€Å"commit himself to any community, any utopia (even his own)† exemplifies the inward struggle that identifies him as â€Å"intellectual[ly] detach[ed] and ambivale[nt] about his every project† (18). Indeed, Grossberg is quick to point out that even the other characters remark that â€Å"‘Miles Coverdale is not in earnest’† (18). Furthermore, â€Å"Coverdale’s vision is also resisted from without, by both Hollingsworth and Zenobia† (19). In Hollingsworth’s case, he rejects Coverdale’s likening to Fourier who â€Å"stands against monogamy, but [] retains gender stability and discrete desire† becoming a means through which Coverdale presents his â€Å"paradigm to Hollingsworth† (19). This idea of the utopian â€Å"‘production of pleasure†Ã¢â‚¬â „¢ elicits â€Å"vehement rejection† from Hollingsworth, who declares â€Å"‘Let me hear no more of it!† (19). â€Å"Unfettered sexuality—not just dissolution of monogamy, but possibly a wholesale dissolution of stable sexual categories† has no place in Blithedale for Hollingsworth, claims Grossberg. Similarly, Hollingsworth resists Coverdale when Zenobia’s burial plot is discussed, insisting that she be buried upon the hillside that once supplied the fodder for their proposed quintessential cottage (20). For Grossberg, Hollingsworth’s location is â€Å"associated with stable heterosexual coupling [] motivated by [a] conservative view of marriage, or perhaps by an impulse to express guilt over Zenobia’s suicide† (20). Conversely, Coverdale desires Zenobia to be laid to rest at Eliot’s Pulpit, a site tied in a â€Å"‘knot of Polygamy†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ that signifies the fours’ consensual gatherings (20). As for Zenobia, Grossberg claims that her outward resistance of Coverdale’s vision is realized more indirectly â€Å"through her devotion to Hollingsworth and therefore to stable, monogamous desire† (21). Though Coverdale denies his attraction to Zenobia, Zenobia herself speculates and wonders at Coverdale’s sexuality. Ironically, by the end of the novel Zenobia admits, â€Å"It is an endless pity [] that I had not be thought myself of winning your heart, Mr. Coverdale, instead of Hollingsworth’s. I think I should have succeeded† (qtd. in Grossberg 21). According to Grossberg, had Zenobia not â€Å"reject[ed] queer desire by closing herself off to a more complicated model of sexuality† she may have proved more compatible with Coverdale and his queer vision. Instead, Coverdale ends the novel much as he began; â€Å"a bachelor, with no very decided purpose of ever being otherwise† (22). By Grossberg’s assessment, Coverdale’ s final exclamation of being in love with Priscilla then is not so much an admission of his singular love for Priscilla, but rather his â€Å"acknowledgement of [the] expansiveness [of his love]. Coverdale may not simply be saying, I was in love with Priscilla, but rather, I was in love with Priscilla, too† (25). Grossberg’s analysis warrants reading because it helps one to understand Coverdale’s possible motivations for acting as passionately as he does towards the other characters of Blithedale. Grossberg’s use of the term â€Å"queer† to describe Coverdale’s sexuality is appropriate since his sexual proclivities defy categories such as heterosexual or homosexual or even bisexual. Were Coverdale’s desires and sexuality to identify as strictly heterosexual, we would have trouble accounting for his impassioned responses to Hollingsworth. When one thinks of sexuality as being restrictive, it often is in response to normative heterosexuality, but for Coverdale, homosexuality also assumes a similarly restrictive role. For example, if one views Hollingsworth’s declaration that â€Å"there is not the man in this wide world whom I can love as I could love [Coverdale]† (Hawthorne 133) as an admission of homosexual desire, then we could infer th at the prospect of such a relationship, compounded by Hollingsworth’s own rigid and single-minded nature, would force Coverdale to forgo his heterosexual desire for Priscilla and Zenobia. Though Coverdale is desperate for intimacy and acceptance, his ideals prove stronger than his desire, and thus he cannot commit himself exclusively to Hollingsworth when he truly desires a more polyamorous arrangement. Thus, Coverdale’s desire for a â€Å"‘third choice†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ is ultimately what seems to make his utopian vision incompatible with those of his companions (qtd. in Grossberg 17). Through this lens, one can either analyze Coverdale as sexually liberated or sexually obsessed. While a contemporary reading may be inclined to cast Coverdale in the role of sexually liberated person who crosses boundaries and arbitrary distinctions between sexuality and gender, his desperation posits him dangerously close to sexually obsession with the other members of the Blithedale community. For example, when he tries to undermine Priscilla and Zenobia’s sexual desire for Hollingsworth, we concur that it is because 1) he desires something for himself; in this case a relationship with any, or preferably, all his Blithedale companions, and 2) the potential insecurity concerning his own sexuality leads him to obsessively dismantle others’ sexuality in a narcissistic attempt to validate his own. Thus, by concluding that Coverdale never seems in concert with his own desires throughout the novel, Grossberg’s analysis of this â€Å"queer utopia† helps us to better comprehend Coverdale’s thoughts and actions. That being said, as we observe â€Å"the failure of [Coverdale’s] queer vision† at the end of the novel, perhaps we have to ask: Does the categorization of sexuality demand limits (Grossberg 22)? Coverdale’s lack of limits certainly seems to work against him in securing a relationship in Blithedale. In this sense, Hawthorne’s novel can be read as an indictment of the progressive values championed by the Blithedale community. In the case of Blithedale, excessive freedom leads naturally to a sort of spiritual ambivalence. Categories and their definitions become so fluid and destabilized that confusion naturally ensues. In this way, it is perhaps to be expected that the Blithedale project should come to such a messy and tragic e nd. In the termination of the Blithedale experiment, the conservation fetishization of rules and framework, and the anxiety that ensues when those barriers are broken down, can be observed at play. Despite this, however, the heroic and progressive vision of the Blithedale project itself is never treated as the reason for its inevitable failure; it is, instead, the human inability to reconcile an innate longing for freedom and fluidity with the need for rules and routine that ultimately leads to Blithedale’s demise. This revelation is a timely one. Blithedale was written a little over ten years before the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 effectively demolished the American institution of slavery. By 1852, the year of the novel’s publication, the first stirrings of rebellion that would eventually culminate in the Civil War were already well on their way to fruition. American intellectuals, both Northern and Southern, were grappling with the possible demise of an institution that had formed the backbone of American society and culture since the nation’s inception. The movements for women’s and workers’ rights were well underway, and while the political revolutions of the 1960s were still over a century away, the birth of Sigmund Freud, a pivotal figure in the instigation of events that would eventually lead to the Sexual Revolution, was a mere four years away. Modes of thought that were previously considered part and parcel of American life were being called into question, and anxiety over what could ensue should the changes these â€Å"radicals† desired come to pass seeped into the zeitgeist. This anxiety is at the forefront of The Blithedale Romance. Coverdale’s longing for a subjective reality in which sexuality is not defined in terms of homosexuality and heterosexuality, of monogamy and polygamy, is an extension, perhaps somewhat farfetched at the time but perfectly viable today, of this cultural upheaval. In showing how Coverdale’s longing for queer subjectivity exacerbates the fall of Blithedale, Hawthorne unintentionally betrays his own anxieties regarding the forthcoming changes in the fabric of American life. While the noble motivations that led to the birth of Blithedale are never completely derided, Hawthorne nevertheless shows a marked cynicism toward humankind’s ability to make that vision a reality. Furthermore, it is not an unreasonable supposition to posit that Hawthorne, as a white heterosexual male of considerable standing, undoubtedly had trouble reconciling himself to the possibility of a society in which the institutions that provided him with unearned privilege were being called into ques tion, no matter how ferociously he and others associated with him debated the ethical nature of those institutions. The ambivalence infects every inch of The Blithedale Romance, in its uneasy, half-hearted condemnation of progressive values, and perhaps most clearly in Coverdale himself. However, while many may criticize Hawthorne for his ambivalence, I continue to assert that this paradoxical attitude towards progressive values is indicative of the sheer complexity of his work and reason enough to continue to study his work in light of the recent ideological changes in the field of American literature. Furthermore, I contend that The Blithedale Romance deserves to be rescued from obscurity and given more critical attention in a milieu besieged by the same cultural and political anxieties that were prevalent at the time of the novel’s composition. Works Cited Grossberg, Benjamin Scott. â€Å"‘The Tender Passion Was Very Rife Among Us’: Coverdale’s Queer Utopia and The Blithedale Romance.† Studies in American Fiction 28.1 (2000): 3-25. Web. 19 September 2016. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Blithedale Romance. 1852. Ed. Tony Tanner. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1998. Print.

Vocabulary Chart ESL Lesson Plan

Vocabulary charts come in a wide variety of forms. Using charts can help focus in on specific areas of English, group together words, show structures and hierarchy, etc. One of the most popular types of chart is a MindMap. A MindMap isnt really a chart, but rather a way to organize information. This vocabulary chart lesson is based on a MindMap, but teachers can use further suggestions for adapting graphic organizers as vocabulary charts. This activity helps students widen their passive and active vocabulary based on related word group areas. Typically, students will often learn new vocabulary by simply writing lists of new vocabulary words and then memorize these words by rote. Unfortunately, this technique often provides few contextual clues. Rote learning helps short term learning for exams etc. Unfortunately, it doesnt really provide a hook with which to remember new vocabulary. Vocabulary charts such as this MindMap activity  provide this hook by placing vocabulary in connected categories thus helping  with long-term memorization.   Begin the class by brainstorming on how to learn new vocabulary asking for students input. Generally speaking, students will mention writing lists of words, using the new word in a sentence, keeping a journal with new words, and translating new words. Heres an outline of the lesson with a list to help students get started. Aim: Creation of vocabulary charts to be shared around the class Activity: Awareness raising of effective vocabulary learning techniques followed by vocabulary tree creation in groups Level: Any level Outline: Begin the lesson by asking students to explain how they go about learning new vocabulary.Explain the concept of short term and long term learning and the importance of contextual clues for effective long term memorization.Ask students how they memorize new vocabulary.  Present the idea of creating vocabulary charts to help students learn specific content related vocabulary.On the board, choose an easy subject such as the home and create a MindMap placing the home at the center and each room as an offshoot. From there, you can branch out with activities done in each room and furniture to be found. For more advanced students, choose another area of focus.  Divide students into small groups asking them to create a vocabulary chart based on a particular subject area.Example: house, sports, the office, etc.Students create vocabulary charts in small groups.Copy student created vocabulary charts and distribute the copies to other groups. In this way, the class generates a large amount o f new vocabulary in a relatively short amount of time.   Further Suggestions Structured overview organizers can be used to take a closer look at vocabulary items based on parts of speech and structure.Tables can be used to compare and contrast qualities between similar items.  Timelines can be used to focus on tense usage.Venn diagrams can be used to find common terminology. Creating MindMaps Create a MindMap which is a type of vocabulary chart with your teacher. Organize your chart by putting these words about a home into the chart. Start with your home, then branch out to rooms of the house. From there, provide the actions and objects you might find in each room. Here are some words to get you started: living roombedroomhomegaragebathroombathtubshowerbedblanketbookcaseclosetcouchsofatoiletmirrorNext, choose a topic of your own and create a MindMap on a topic of your choice. Its best to keep your subject general so that you can branch out in many different directions. This will help you learn vocabulary in context as your mind will connect the words more easily. Do your best to create a great chart as youll share it with the rest of the class. In this way, youll have lots of new vocabulary in context to help you widen your vocabulary. Finally, choose your MindMap or that of another student and write a few paragraphs about the subject.   Suggested Topics Education: Describe the education system in your country. What type of courses do you take? What do you need to learn? Etc.  Cooking: Categorize based on meals, types of food, kitchen equipment, etc.Sports: Choose a specific sport such as football, basketball or tennis. Branch out into equipment, rules, clothing, special terms, etc.

Essay about Discourses on Livy Republics and the Decemvirate

Machiavelli, a political genius, paves a path for us to understand the logic on how to build a successful Republic or bring a Republic to ruin. Machiavelli seems to be neutral on his logic, by this I mean he does not side with only good or bad intentions. He clears this path so anyone can come in and take a Republic and mold it to their liking. The principality, aristocrats, and the popular are good for the republic, but almost inescapably turn wicked. This wickedness caused the decemvirate to form. We will look into the darkness of the decemvirate and show that even when pushed by the people it ended up turning for the worse until it was ruinous for the Roman republic. Eventually the decemvirate shifted the political view back towards†¦show more content†¦This quote by Machiavelli will show true on the creation of the decemvirate. A principality is run by a prince who may start off with good intentions but almost routinely gives in to tyrannical ways when the opportunity becomes available. If one prince rules a lifetime without becoming a tyrant it is almost inevitable for his heirs to become a tyrant. This handing down of status seems to be in Machiavellis eyes a sure way of becoming a tyrannical republic fast. The only way to slow this process down is by handing this principality over to the best candidate. The Aristocrats would take over from this tyrannical prince and would begin to rule trying to organize the republic once more. Thus the aristocrats also would rule in good faith also until the opportune moment and then they also would begin to look for their own values and greatness. When the people began to take notice of this there would now be another change. This time the Popular would come in and take over. Then again they would begin to look for their own ideals until the few would not agree and subsequently the Principality would then come back into effect. After all these said above failed them there was another style government being formed. The Decemvirate was created and all other forms of government were abandoned. This rule of the ten men was created in order to make laws for Rome. The Decemvirate also led armiesShow MoreRelatedNiccolà ² Machiavelli is very well known as an important and influential Italian historian,600 Words   |  3 Pagesknown as an important and influential Italian historian, politician, philosopher, and writer during the Renaissance. His book, Discourses on Livy, is a discussion regarding the classical history of early Ancient Rome, although it uses contemporary political examples and strays far away from the subject of Rome at times. It is presented as a series of lessons on how a republic should be started and structured. Most importantly, it constantly brings up the idea of corruption and corrupt people, which

Organizational Change Management for Hofstede - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Change Management for Hofstede Model. Answer: Impact of culture and on organizational change program Organizational change management is a framework with the help of which the manager identifies the changes present in the business process. Power is regarded as an important factor for organization to initiate change management. The purpose of this essay is to provide a brief description about the Hofstedes cultural dimension in Singapore and Australia. It also talks about the types of power and its impact in negative and positive way. Also, it should be noted that culture has a nature of collective occurrence which can used in different learning models. These models are used in the early childhood period when a person is more adaptive towards learning. The below mentioned paper will also review the national dimensions which use of five bases of power. The Hofstedes model will support the by provide clear and concise information about cultural activities of the countries. Lastly, the paper will also argue the use of power in change programs of different countries. Power refers to the way in which one person makes other person do some activity; also this power is not present among all people. Some, people have the capability to perform such actions. Many powers can be used to change the management; the power is not a negative aspect. Instead it depends upon its use which differs from person to person. Further, it should be noted that the Hofstedes model adequately provides information about the cultural dimension of a country. It discusses about six aspects of the culture that are power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, long term orientation and lastly indulgence. On evaluating the culture of Singapore, it was analyzed that there is presence of multi-ethnicity in the society as there are 77% of Chinese, 15% of Malay, 6% of Indians and 2% of expatriate in the society (Yeo, Pang 2017, 112-122). Comparing it to the country Australia, it should be noted that in Australia only 67% of British resides with some European eth nicities and a minimal number of aboriginal natives that is 2%, are left in the country (Yeo, Pang 2017, 112-122). The initial aspect of Hofstedes dimension that is power distance refers to the attribute that talks about the degree to which less powerful member of the society are accept and expect that power is distributed in the society unequally. This aspect tells about the amount to which people handles inequalities among them. Relating it to the country Singapore, it should be noted that people in this country are more dependent on their managers to take decision. They do not hold any type of decision making right in the working of the organization (De Souza 2018, 19-49). This activity is initiated because the majority population of the country is Chinese who believes in Confucian teachings. Whereas talking about Australia, it should be noted that power distance index in the country relatively high which states that people in this country do not strive for the organizational rights. Further, as there is prevalence of flat organizational structure in the country which makes it easier for peopl e to directly their manager to solve the issue (Comber 2015, 362-367). The next dimension is the individualism versus collectivism (IDV) dimension which talks about the degree to which people in a country prefer taking care of only themselves and their immediate families in the society. The features of collectivism talks about the preference of people in the society to care for their relatives and other members in a group and provide them unquestioning loyalty as well (Ferraro, Briody 2017). The loosely knit group talks in the language of I and the tightly knit groups talks in the language of We. Further, in the country Singapore, people do care for their large extended family; they rely on them as well. They score very low in this frame as they believe in initiating activities together. Contradicting to the case in Australia, people in this country share the feeling of individualism and only care for their immediate family and themselves. These people are self-reliable do not prefer depending on someone for their cost of living or emotional support. P eople of Singapore are regarded as collectivist whereas Australians are called individualists (Caleon, et. al. 2015, 925-942). Masculinity refers to the dimension that represents a preference in the society for heroism, monetary rewards and achievement in the society. And on the other hand, femininity stands for the preference for co-operation, modesty and caring in the society. The two aspects contradict to their works, as masculinity talks about the quantitative growth whereas femininity talks about quality of life. Many times this aspect is also related to tough versus tender. Further, Singapore scores 48 in this case which means that the society is little more inclined towards femininity whereas in the case of Australia, the score is 61. It states that the country is dominated by male section of the society (Oc, et. al. 2015, 68-80). Uncertainty avoidance refers to the way in which society coupes with the upcoming contingent situations. It talks about the ways in which people tackle with unknown situations coming on their way. The country Singapore scores 8 in this case where as Australia score 51 (Prado , et. al. 2014, 420-428). The score 8 states that the country fully abides the rules and regulations formed for their betterment. Further long term orientation refers to the degree of thinking of people to act for the future growth while keeping in mind the past experiences. 72 is scored by Singapore which says that the country believes in approach long term goals whereas Australia score a little in long term orientation which suggest that people of this country aims on a short term normative orientation approach (Inglehart, 2018). Lastly, indulgence dimension talks about the extent to which people in a country try to control their emotions and impulses. Australia scores 71 which states that people of this country are more indulgent where Singapore score 41 which shows that people of Singapore are restrainted. Indulgent people tend to be livelier and they enjoy their life doing what they want to do. The feature of restraint tells about the suppression of gratification of needs and s trict social norms (Beugelsdijk, Kostova, Roth 2017, 30-47). Further as discussed above, power is the potential influence that makes one person do some activities which other person wants them to do. The French and Raven adequately described the five bases of power; the categories under this case are legitimacy, reward, expert, reference, coercive. Legitimate refers to the power that makes a person to impose responsibility on the person. Position of a person is mainly concerned under this case as one person has the authority to designate work to other person more than just leadership. Once, a person loses their designation then they can no longer have the power to impose responsibility to other person. Such powers are held with the leaders in the society such as CEO of a company or any political leader. Further the second aspect of power (coercive) talks about the power to threaten someone (van den Bos, van Veldhuizen, Au 2015, 52-75). The leaders use this power to punish or reward someone for their work done. Under this concept, the decision of the leader is always combined with the rewards or punishment which the subordinate needs to bear. Expert power refers to the power under which the leader provides advice or information to their subordinates in an organization. Under this power the leader uses their knowledge and skills to help other people. The power of referent deals with one persons likes and respect towards another person. For instance, this power is used by celebrities as they can easily influence their fans on what to buy and what not to. This power is a major responsibility (Blanger, et. al. 2016, 287-300). Talking about the impact of culture on power, it should be noted that all the dimensions of Hofstedes model affect a countrys power. Talking about power distance in the country Singapore, it should be noted that the country is more expected to have legitimate power. The country uses such type of power because there is high degree of power distance in the country. Whereas, on the other hand, as Australia has a low score in this case so this country uses the power of expert or referent. Australia uses this type of power because there is presence of people who aim for equality in the society. Experts of the society are he king pin that molds the activities of an organization present in the market (Blanger, et. al. 2015, 25-43). Also, the country Australia is an individualistic country, so the employees of country have to act economically so as to maintain the cost of living themselves; further, a mutual interest is maintain between the employees and the mangers present in the society. T hus, it should be noted that the expert feature adequately supports the cultural activities of the country, as an individualistic country which makes the manager to initiate their power in such a way that it provide assistance to the employee to maintain their daily activities (Aiello, Tesi, Pratto, Pierro 2018). The power of expert helps the management to easily solve the critical problems in the organization and help the employees as well. Apart from that, talking about the country Singapore, it should be noted that the country is a strong belief of collectivist society where all relatives live together and support each other with their daily routine activities. Resulting which the power of legitimate would adequately work in the society. The legitimate power works according to the social hierarchical ways and according to the cultural norms. Under this case, the organizational structure provides the power to the leaders to enact different activities in an organization. The leade rs under this case have full right to impose responsibilities or oblige the employees according to work issued to them. Relating the case of legitimate power with the collectivist culture of the society it should be noted that as the people of this country are dependent on their superiors which initiates them to agree on the restrictions imposed on them (Liu, Almor 2016, 4-14). In order to implement a change in an organization, the most important feature which is required is power as without adequate power no leader can make their decision effective in an organization. Organizational change management refers to the framework that deals with the process of change initiated in an organization for the good. Power is the only thing that influence people in an organization and motivate them to follow the change as well. The change manager process is initiated by the CEO of the company, manager, leader, board members etc. Further, as discussed above there are many bases in which the power used in an organization is differentiated. It wholly and solely depends upon the culture of an organization according to which power should be implied. Like, if legitimate power is implied in an individualistic country then the power would not show its effect on the change (Demirtas, Akdogan 2015, 59-67). Thus it should be noted, the power and culture, both the factors that inf luence change program are directly related to each. An organization needs to power the right type of power according to the culture in order to initiate changes. Lastly, it should be noted that use of power would be more efficient in Singapore if the employee have ruling authority above them. According to the power distant feature of cultural dimension, people of this country are more influenced by the powerful and they need a ruling authority above them. And change would be effective in the organizations of Australia if all the employees receive equal right to suggest their point of view and live life sustainably (Chua, Roth, Lemoine 2015, 189-227). Activities like open discussion and diagonal communication would initiate change management activities in Australia. Thus, in the limelight of above mentioned events, it should be noted the power is highly dependent upon the culture of country. If the powers used by the leaders in an organization contradict to the culture then the change management program would be ineffective. The above mentioned task adequately explains the cultural dimension of both Australia and Singapore and uses of different basis of power in the different countries. The essay justifies the requirements of the task. 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"An overview of Hofstede-inspired country-level culture research in international business since 2006."Journal of International Business Studies48, no. 1 (2017): 30-47. Caleon, Imelda S., Ma Glenda L. Wui, Jennifer Pei-Ling Tan, Ching Leen Chiam, Tan Chee Soon, and Ronnel B. King. "Cross-cultural validation of the Academic Motivation Scale: A Singapore investigation."Child Indicators Research8, no. 4 (2015): 925-942. Chua, Roy YJ, Yannig Roth, and Jean-Franois Lemoine. "The impact of culture on creativity: How cultural tightness and cultural distance affect global innovation crowdsourcing work."Administrative Science Quarterly60, no. 2 (2015): 189-227. Comber, Barbara. "Critical literacy and social justice."Journal of Adolescent Adult Literacy58, no. 5 (2015): 362-367. De Souza, Denise E. "Educational change in Singapore and its tinkeringaround the edges: A critical realist perspective."Journal of Educational Change19, no. 1 (2018): 19-49. Demirtas, Ozgur, and A. Asuman Akdogan. "The effect of ethical leadership behavior on ethical climate, turnover intention, and affective commitment."Journal of Business Ethics130, no. 1 (2015): 59-67. Ferraro, Gary P., and Elizabeth K. Briody.The cultural dimension of global business. Taylor Francis, 2017. Inglehart, Ronald F.Cultural Evolution: People's Motivations are Changing, and Reshaping the World. Cambridge University Press, 2018. Liu, Yipeng, and Tamar Almor. "How culture influences the way entrepreneurs deal with uncertainty in inter-organizational relationships: The case of returnee versus local entrepreneurs in China."International Business Review25, no. 1 (2016): 4-14. Oc, Burak, Michael R. Bashshur, Michael A. Daniels, Gary J. Greguras, and James M. Diefendorff. "Leader humility in Singapore."The Leadership Quarterly26, no. 1 (2015): 68-80. Prado, Catherine, David Mellor, Linda K. Byrne, Christopher Wilson, Xiaoyan Xu, and Hong Liu. "Facial emotion recognition: a cross-cultural comparison of Chinese, Chinese living in Australia, and Anglo-Australians."Motivation and Emotion38, no. 3 (2014): 420-428. van den Bos, Kees, Tanja S. van Veldhuizen, and Al KC Au. "Counter cross-cultural priming and relative deprivation: The role of individualismcollectivism."Social Justice Research28, no. 1 (2015): 52-75. Yeo, Su Lin, and Augustine Pang. "Asian multiculturalism in communication: Impact of culture in the practice of public relations in Singapore."Public Relations Review43, no. 1 (2017): 112-122.